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Side effects of abortion pill1/2/2024 Misoprostol alone is effective, and people who can’t obtain mifepristone can take misoprostol on its own to end their pregnancy. If you’ve been pregnant for 9 weeks or fewer, self-managing an abortion using both pills is no less effective than a clinician-supported abortion. Several more recent studies have come to the same conclusions. Research shows that medication abortion using both mifepristone and misoprostol at 12 weeks or less of gestation completely ends pregnancy 95–99% of the time. Combination of mifepristone and misoprostol People who experience an incomplete abortion may need another dose of misoprostol or surgical intervention to complete the process. This is known as an “incomplete abortion.” Rarely, if medication abortion isn’t completely effective, some pregnancy tissue will remain in the body. Effectiveness appears to start waning after 12 weeks. However, medication abortion becomes less effective the longer someone has been pregnant. Medication abortion is a highly effective way to end a pregnancy. If someone doesn’t have access to mifepristone, misoprostol can be used on its own to induce an abortion, though it may be less effective than the combination of both pills. The process is usually complete within 4–5 hours of taking the second medication, but some milder cramping and bleeding or spotting may continue for 1–2 days or up to a few weeks. The abortion itself may feel like a very heavy period with cramping and bleeding. The combination of the uterus and cervix softening, the antiprogestin activity, and the uterine contractions cause your body to expel the embryonic tissue, ending the pregnancy. Mifepristone can also soften the uterus and encourage it to contract. Since progesterone helps the uterus grow and sustain a pregnancy, stopping progesterone’s activity can help end a pregnancy. That means it affects the body like an antiprogestin, which blocks the body from making or using progesterone properly. Mifepristone binds to the body’s progesterone receptors, but the body doesn’t read it as progesterone. Mifepristone stops a pregnancy from growing, and misoprostol causes the uterus to shed its lining and empty itself. However, you can also complete a medication abortion by using misoprostol on its own. Most medication abortions involve taking two different medications: mifepristone followed by misoprostol. How do abortion pills work to end a pregnancy? Medication abortion, on the other hand, ends a pregnancy. These medications help prevent a pregnancy before it begins - they don’t end an existing pregnancy. Yes, medication abortion is different from emergency contraception like Plan B One-Step and ella, known as “morning-after pills.”Įmergency contraception pills are taken within 3 to 5 days after having unprotected penis-in-vagina sex. Is medication abortion different from emergency contraception like Plan B? In some countries within Latin America, people have had legal access to misoprostol to self-manage their abortions since the early 1980s.Ībortion pills expand safe abortion access, allow people more privacy and autonomy when managing their own abortions, and reduce maternal mortality - when people have reliable access to them and credible information about their use. In fact, more than half of abortions in the United States and many European countries are medication abortions.Ībortion pills are also increasingly popular in Ghana, where 28–46% of abortions were medication abortions, and in India, where up to 73% of abortions were medication abortions. Medication abortion has become more common among Americans in recent years, especially since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increased availability of abortion pills through telemedicine. Medication abortion became legally available in the United States in 2000, when the FDA approved it to induce abortion early in a pregnancy.Ībortion pills are FDA-approved for ending a pregnancy up to 10 weeks, but they’re also used off-label later than this in some states. Medication abortion is common around the world You can access abortion pills by visiting a provider’s office or provider-staffed telehealth platform (known as a “clinician-supported” abortion) or by ordering them online and taking them at home (called a “ self-managed” abortion), depending on where you live. These medications stop the pregnancy from continuing to develop and cause the uterus to empty itself, ending the pregnancy. A person usually takes one medication called mifepristone followed by another medication called misoprostol. Medication abortion involves taking pills that terminate a pregnancy.
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